A 35-year-old known epileptic presents with continuous tonic-clonic seizure activity lasting > 30 minutes unresponsive to IV lorazepam 4mg and IV levetiracetam 3g. He is now intubated. What is the next step β IV phenytoin, valproate, or lacosamide? At what point do we declare refractory SE and initiate anesthetic agents (propofol/midazolam/ketamine)? What does EEG monitoring add in this setting?
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