Pulmonology

Diagnosis and management of moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea: when to use CPAP vs BiPAP vs mandibular advancement?

Comparing smoking cessation pharmacotherapy: NRT vs varenicline vs bupropion — which to choose and when?

Systematic approach to hemoptysis: when is bronchoscopy urgent vs CT-guided intervention?

Optimal lung-protective ventilation strategy in moderate-to-severe ARDS — tidal volume, PEEP, and prone positioning

How to differentiate asthma from vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) in a young athlete with exercise-induced dyspnea?

Management of malignant pleural effusion: pleurodesis vs indwelling pleural catheter?

Criteria for initiating long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) in stable COPD patients

Role of HRCT in diagnosing interstitial lung disease — when is it indicated?

How to differentiate pulmonary embolism from pneumonia on initial presentation?

Best approach to managing acute exacerbation of COPD in the emergency setting?

Non-CF bronchiectasis with chronic Pseudomonas colonization — inhaled vs IV antibiotics and airway clearance?

Severe OSA with low CPAP compliance — alternatives: APAP, BiPAP, MAD, or upper airway surgery?

Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension — initial therapy choice: ERA, PDE5i, or prostacyclin?

Sarcoidosis treatment — when to start steroids and what are the indications for second-line agents?

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax management — observation vs aspiration vs chest tube?

Exudative pleural effusion workup — Light's criteria and when to do thoracoscopy?

IPF diagnosis — UIP pattern on HRCT, is surgical lung biopsy still needed?

Asthma step-up therapy — when to add LABA vs LAMA vs biologics in uncontrolled asthma?

Pulmonary embolism risk stratification — PESI score vs simplified PESI, when to thrombolyse?

COPD exacerbation management — when to initiate NIV vs invasive mechanical ventilation?